Who. (When). What [Media type]. Where. URL
► The person who uploaded the video is credited as the author, even if they did not create the content.
Reference list:
American Theatre Wing. (2016, December 8). Working in the Theatre: Lighting Design [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wqMYsjHU5rU
In-text:
...(American Theatre Wing, 2016).... OR ...American Theatre Wing (2016)...
Who. (Role). (When). What [Media type]. Where. URL
► Credit the director as the author of standalone films.
► If the format needs more information, eg for a special edition director's cut, this can be included within the square brackets eg [Film; four-disc special extended ed. on DVD]
► A URL is only needed for films accessed online.
Reference list:
Jordan, G. (Director). (2003). Ned Kelly [Film]. Universal Studios; Studio Canal; Working Title Films
De Palma, B. (Director). (1987). The Untouchables [Film]. Paramount Pictures. https://online.clickview.com.au/libraries/categories/21654729/videos/39585962/the-untouchables
In-text:
...(Jordan, 2003) or ... Jordan (2003)...
... (De Palma, 1987) or ... De Palma (1987)
Who (Role). (When). What [Description]. Where. URL
► List the host of the podcast as the author, with role description in parentheses. If there is no host name, list the executive producer instead.
Reference list:
Waxman, N. (Host). (2023, June 8). Harry Potter and the Cursed Child (with John Shearman and David Spencer) [Audio podcast episode]. In The Aside. Drama Victoria. https://soundcloud.com/asidepodcast/the-aside-harry-potter-and-the-cursed-child-with-john-shearman-and-david-spencer
In-text:
(Waxman, 2023) OR ...and as Waxman (2023) observed in...
Who (Role). (When). What [media type]. Where. URL
A series or regular radio program
► This is similar to citing an edited book.
Reference list:
Cathcart, M. (Presenter). (2023). The Stage Show [Radio program]. ABC. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/the-stage-show
In-text:
Cathcart (2023) notes that.... OR Current Australian drama is said to be.... (Cathcart, 2023)
Episode from a radio series
► This is similar to citing a chapter from a book. The WHERE segment includes the details of the whole work, preceded by "in".
Who (Role). (When). What [Media type]. In/On Where. URL
Reference list:
Cathcart, M. (Presenter). (2023, June 6). Eddie Perfect and Gillian Cosgriff show us how to make a musical [Radio broadcast]. In R. Brown (Executive Producer), The Stage Show. ABC. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/the-stage-show
The author of an audiovisual item is determined by the type of media:
| Media Type | Include as the author |
|---|---|
| Film | Director |
| TV series | Executive producer(s) |
| TV series episode | Writer and director of episode |
| Podcast | Host or executive producer |
| Podcast episode | Host of episode |
| Webinar | Instructor |
| Classical music album or song | Composer |
| Modern music album or song | Recording artist |
| Artwork | Artist |
| Online streaming video | Person or group who uploaded the video |
| Photograph | Photographer |
Material in this LibGuide was created with the help of the following sources:
American Psychological Association. (2023). APA Style. https://apastyle.apa.org/
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) American Psychological Association.
University of Tasmania. (2023). Referencing and Assignment Writing guide: APA 7th ed. https://utas.libguides.com/referencing/APA7th